中国气体灭火设备“一带一路”项目出口，应做到这8点！
确保气体灭火系统产品“一带一路”出口项目的安全、密封、灭火性能相关的技术要求与措施探讨
Exploration on Technical Requirements and Measures to Ensure Safety,Sealing and Fire Extinguishing Performance of Gas Fire Extinguishing Product“Belt and Road”Exporting Project
朱劲武 周铁祥
Zhu Jinwu Zhou Tiexiang
（北京利达海鑫灭火系统设备有限公司，北京）
(Beijing Leader Haixin Gas Fire Extinguishing System Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Beijing)
一、摘要
I.Abstract
气体灭火系统产品出口项目也叫气体灭火系统“一带一路”出口项目简称气体灭火系统出口或气体灭火设备出口。气体灭火系统是四大传统的固定灭火系统（喷水、气体、泡沫、干粉）之一，应用范围十分广泛。气体灭火系统具有以下特点：一是绝缘性能好，可灭电气火灾；二是灭火剂洁净，灭火过程中和灭火后没有任何残留物；三是灭火速度快。气体灭火系统产品“一带一路”出口项目（也叫气体灭火系统出口项目简称气体灭火系统出口）是将气体灭火系统产品出口到国外，安装在气体灭火系统防护区内，实施防火和灭火自动保护，实现对国外重点项目或重要设备的消防保护。则要求气体灭火系统产品安全可靠、密封性能好、灭火性能好和包装箱抗碰撞、抗振动、耐高低温，质量稳定，设计参数正确，并要求安装施工简单、快捷。
配图来源：网络
The gas fire extinguishing system product exporting project is also called the gas fire extinguishing system“Belt and Road”exporting project,or gas fire extinguishing system exporting or gas fire extinguishing equipment exporting for short.Gas fire extinguishing system is one of the four conventional fixed fire extinguishing systems(sprinkling,gas,foam and dry powder)which has been extensively used.Gas fire extinguishing system has the following characteristics:1)good insulating property that can be used to put out electrical fire;2)clean fire extinguishing agents that do not produce residue during and after fire extinguishing;3)fast in putting out fire.The gas fire extinguishing system product“Belt and Road”exporting project(also called gas fire extinguishing system exporting project,or gas fire extinguishing system exporting)aims to export gas fire extinguishing system products to foreign countries,have them installed inside gas fire extinguishing system protection areas so that they can perform automatic fire prevention and extinguishing functions to protect key projects and important equipment from fire hazards in foreign countries.It requires that the gas fire extinguishing system products are safe and reliable with good sealing and fire suppression performance.Their packaging boxes have to be shock-resisting,and the products have to be resistant to vibration,high and low temperatures with stable quality and right design parameters and have to be easy and quick to install.
二、关键词
II.Keywords
气体灭火系统“一带一路”出口项目、气体灭火系统出口项目、气体灭火系统出口、气体灭火设备出口。安全可靠、密封性好、灭火性能好。
Gas fire extinguishing system“Belt and Road”exporting project,gas fire extinguishing system exporting project,gas fire extinguishing system exporting,gas fire extinguishing equipment exporting,safety and reliability,good sealing performance,good fire suppression performance.
图片来源：利达消防
三、气体灭火系统产品“一带一路”出口项目的技术要求与措施
III.Technical Requirements and Measures for the Gas Fire Extinguishing System Product“Belt and Road”Exporting Project
1.产品安全可靠
1.Safety and reliability of products
气体灭火系统产品出口项目（也叫气体灭火系统“一带一路”出口项目简称气体灭火系统出口或气体灭火设备出口）所采用的零部件必须安全可靠。尽量使用国内知名度较高的品牌产品，杜绝使用不合格灭火药剂，短斤少两和不合格零部件，一切应从用户的安全出发，才能确保气体灭火系统产品“一带一路”出口项目(也叫气体灭火系统出口项目简称气体灭火系统出口或气体灭火设备出口)在运输、安装、使用中安全可靠。
Parts and components involved in the gas fire extinguishing system product exporting project(also called the gas fire extinguishing system“Belt and Road”exporting project,or gas fire extinguishing system exporting or gas fire extinguishing equipment exporting for short)have to be safe and reliable.Preferably,only those of well-known brands in China are used and it is strictly prohibited to use substandard fire extinguishing agents,be short in weight and use unqualified parts and components.Only by putting the safety of the users at the top priority can we ensure safety and reliability in the transport,installation and application of the products exported through the gas fire extinguishing system“Belt and Road”exporting project(also called gas fire extinguishing system exporting project,or gas fire extinguishing system exporting or gas fire extinguishing equipment exporting for short).
图片来源：2023年05月25日央视网报道视频截图
（1）压力容器钢瓶采用知名厂家华宸气瓶生产的产品，具有国家颁发的压力容器证书，压力容器钢瓶壁厚和重量完全符合设计图纸和《规范》的要求。绝不能采用壁厚不达标、重量轻、材质不合格、成本低的压力容器钢瓶。气体灭火系统压力容器钢瓶中，七氟丙烷钢瓶最容易弄虚作假，如采用壁厚薄的，不达标的钢瓶，重量相差20%～30%；或钢瓶材质不采用压力容器钢板，改为采用普通热轧钢板，可降低钢瓶成本10%～30%。
(1)The pressure cylinders used should be the products of well-known producers Hua Chen gas cylinder with pressure vessel certificates issued by the state,and the thickness of the walls and the weight of the pressure vessels must be in complete compliance with the design drawings and the Specifications.It is strictly prohibited to use pressure cylinders made of steel plates of insufficient thickness and weight and substandard and unreasonably low-cost materials.Among the pressure cylinders used in fire extinguishing systems,the HFC-227ea cylinders are the most likely to involve cheating,including the use of cylinders with thinner-than-required walls,which can reduce the weight by 20%to 30%;or the use of regular hot-rolled steel plates instead of pressure vessel steel plates to reduce cost by 10%to 30%.
（2）压力容器钢瓶上的容器阀的安全泄放装置应采用上海华理安全阀专业公司生产的安全膜片，该产品成本一般在20元左右一套，安全性能才能得以保障。而部分厂家均为自己设计、加工安全膜片，产品成本不到2元一套，安全性能很难得到保证。
(2)Safety diaphragms produced by Shanghai Huali Safety Valves Company should be used on the safety relief devices of the valves of the pressure cylinders in order to ensure safety and each set of the diaphragm costs around 20 yuan.Although the safety diaphragms designed and produced by other producers may cost less than 2 yuan,they may not guarantee safety.
（3）气体灭火系统中各灭火剂容器阀出口均应安装安全保护帽，使产品在生产、运输、装卸、安装、调试等一系列过程中，即使灭火剂钢瓶误启动，也能确保操作者的人身安全。为降低产品成本，有许多厂家，阀门出口不配备安全保护帽。
(3)Protective caps must be installed on the valve outlets of all fire-extinguishing agent vessels in gas fire extinguishing systems,so that even if the fire extinguishing agent cylinders are started by error during production,transportation,loading/unloading,installation and debugging,the safety of the operators can be protected.Many manufacturers do not equip valve outlets with protective caps in order to lower costs.
（4）各压力容器钢瓶上的容器阀应采用HPb59-1（Y）冷拉黄铜棒锻压成型，使容器阀材质呈流线流纹组织结构，密度增大。这不但增加了抗拉强度，还增强了韧性。容器阀受撞击后不会断裂。应绝不采用成本低廉的铸造不锈铁和碳钢材料的瓶头阀。消防阀门是气体灭火系统产品最核心、最关键部件，关系到产品安全性和密封性两大关键功能和性能，宁波三安制阀公司的消防阀门质量可靠，是生产消防阀门最专业厂家之一。
(4)The valves of the pressure cylinders should be forged using the HPb59-1(Y)cold-drawn brass rods,so that the valve material can have a streamline,or flow line structure with increased density.This not only enhances the tensile strength,but also the toughness of the material and the valves made from it do not break after sustaining impacts.It is strictly prohibited to use the cheap cast stainless iron and carbon steel to make cylinder valves.Fire protection valves are the core and the most critical part of gas fire extinguishing system products which affect the safety and the sealing,the most important performance and property of the product.The quality of the fire protection valves produced by Ningbo Sanan Valve Manufacture Co.,Ltd.has been reliable and it is one of the most professional manufacturers of fire protection valves.
（5）严把气体灭火零部件进厂、生产、成品出厂检验关，使用户真正用的放心和安心。
(5)We are very strict in our purchasing of parts and components and in our production and quality inspection before our gas fire extinguishing products are delivered to make sure that our users have confidence in and rest assured about the quality of our products.
七氟丙烷灭火系统设备 图片来源：利达消防
2.密封性好，不泄漏，使用周期较长
2.Good sealing,no leaking and long service life
气体灭火系统产品“一带一路”出口项目（也叫气体灭火系统出口项目简称气体灭火系统出口或气体灭火设备出口）所采用的零部件必须具有良好的密封性能和稳定的质量。应从以下几点确保气体灭火系统产品“一带一路”出口项目（也叫气体灭火系统出口项目简称气体灭火系统出口或气体灭火设备出口）密封良好和质量稳定。
The parts and components used for the fire extinguishing system product“Belt and Road”exporting project(also called gas fire extinguishing system exporting project,or gas fire extinguishing system exporting)must have good sealing performance and stable quality.To ensure good sealing performance and stable quality of the products for the fire extinguishing system product“Belt and Road”exporting project(also called gas fire extinguishing system exporting project,or gas fire extinguishing system exporting),we must do the following.
（1）气体灭火系统配套的灭火剂瓶组容器阀材质均应采用冷拉黄铜棒锻压成型，即使长时间存放也不易腐蚀生锈，且开启灵活可靠。锻压后的铜质容器阀内部显微组织结构晶体颗粒形状细小，密度增大，灭火剂容器阀密封性能长久可靠。克服了使用低成本铸造不锈铁材质加工的容器阀,存在的因铸件在冷却过程中不同的凝固温度和收缩率及杂质；内部和表面易出现一些细小的热裂、疏松、气孔等问题，容器阀密封性能差等重大缺陷。
(1)All the valves of fire extinguishing agent cylinders for the gas fire extinguishing systems must be forged from cold-drawn brass rods to prevent corrosion and rusting,and ensure quick and reliable starting.After forging,the crystal particles in the internal microstructure of the copper valves become finer,increasing the density of the material and making the sealing of the valves of fire extinguishing agent vessels to last longer and more reliable.It overcomes the poor sealing and other serious defects of the cylinder valves made from the low-cost stainless iron due to fine heat cracks,loose structure and gas holes that appear inside and on the surface of the castings caused by impurity and difference in solidification temperatures and shrinkage during the cooling process.
（2）灭火剂瓶组容器阀密封口和各零部件连接处，建议采用径向和端面双密封结构，密封材料采用耐腐蚀、耐高温材料，使密封性作用得到双重保护。
(2)It is advised to apply both radial and end-face sealing structures to the valve seals and the joints of the parts and components of the fire extinguishing agent cylinder groups,using sealing materials that are resistant to both corrosion and high temperatures to provide double protection to the sealing property.
（3）灭火剂瓶组气体灭火剂充装工艺不同，灭火剂充装工艺则可大大提升了灭火剂瓶组一次性气密性试验合格率达99%以上，有利于灭火剂储瓶不易泄漏，存放周期长，并降低了用户的维修成本和提高了用户的安全保障。
(3)Gas fire extinguishing agent filling techniques of agent cylinder groups are different and agent filling techniques can significantly enhance the agent cylinder groups’one-time gas tightness test qualification rate to more than 99%,lowering changes of leakage,prolonging storage cycles,reducing users’maintenance costs and improving safety guarantee for the users.
（4）应严把容器阀和灭火剂瓶组气密性试验关。充装后的灭火剂瓶组整体应浸入清水中做气密性试验，应不少于两次，每次试验不应少于10分钟，无任何一个气泡泄漏为合格。这种浸入清水中检测灭火剂瓶组密封性试验，简单、明了、可靠。目前许多气体厂家不做此将灭火剂瓶组全部浸入水中做气密性试验，一般用刷子将肥皂液涂到阀门连接螺纹上，看这些部位是否冒气泡，这种方式很难发现钢瓶是否泄漏，密封性质量很难得到保证。
(4)Gas tightness test must be very strict on cylinder valves and fire extinguishing agent cylinder groups.After filling the agent,the whole cylinder group has to be submerged in clear water for gas tightness test,twice at least,each time for no less than ten minutes.If no single bubble is seen leaked from the cylinder,it is considered to be qualified.This kind of gas tightness test by submerging a fire extinguishing agent cylinder group in clear water is simple,clear and reliable.Many gas fire extinguishing system manufacturers do no perform this kind of gas tightness test by submerging the whole cylinder groups under water.They normally brush some liquid soap on the screw threads where valves are connected to see if bubbles appear.It is hard to determine if a cylinder leaks using this kind of method and sealing of the cylinders can not be guaranteed in this way.
（5）气体灭火系统压力表前端应设计有压力表开关结构，开启压力表开关应操作简单、可靠，压力表与压力表连接螺纹应采用高强度、高精度、高密封性干式美制锥管螺纹，密封性能才能更加可靠。
(5)A switch structure needs to be installed in front of the pressure gauge of the gas fire extinguishing system and the switch must be easy to operate and reliable.The threads connecting the pressure gauges must be high strength,high precision and highly sealed dry-seal NPT to ensure reliable sealing.
（6）高压连接软管一端连接灭火剂瓶组容器阀出口，另一端与集流管上的液流单向阀相连，起转向连接，输送灭火剂及减少气体释放时引起震动、冲击作用。高压连接软管有两种结构：一种是软管两端是钢结构接头，其中一个接头是90°弯头，挠性软管部分在中间直管部分，该结构高压连接软管高度方向调节量很小，要求冷作焊接件灭火剂储瓶框架高度加工精度高，连接难、费力。将造成连接密封性能差和振动大，灭火剂喷放时泄漏。另一种高压连接软管两端是短距离的不锈钢接头，挠性软管长度可在X、Y轴两方向任意调节，连接快速、省力，连接密封性能好，整个气体灭火系统设备振动小。
(6)There are two kinds of structures for high pressure connecting hoses:one has steel structure joints on both ends of the hose,one of which has a 90°elbow,and the flexible hose is at the straight tube part in the middle.This structure allows very limited adjustment in the height direction of the connecting hose and demands high precision in cold work welding of the framework for the agent storage cylinder,which is very difficult and takes a lot of work and may lead to poor sealing and excessive vibration of the connecting parts and leak of the agent when it is released.The other kind of high pressure connecting hose has stainless steel joints on both ends with an only short distance between them.The length of the flexible hose can be adjusted freely in both X axis and Y axis directions and the connection is fast and easy with good leak-tight performance.The vibration of the whole gas fire extinguishing system equipment is limited.
（7）有管网气体灭火系统启动管道中，应安装低压安全泄漏阀，也叫低泄高封阀，防止气体启动装置因慢泄漏而造成的系统误启动，有效的确保了产品质量。
(7)A low pressure safety leak valve,or low leakage high sealing vale in another name,has to be installed in the starting pipe of the gas fire extinguishing system with a pipe network to prevent the gas starting device from activating the system by mistake due to slow leakage and effectively guarantee the quality of the product.
二氧化碳探火管灭火装置 图片来源：利达消防
3.灭火性能好
3.Good fire extinguishing performance
气体灭火系统（气体灭火设备）灭火性能好与坏，主要从灭火药剂、灭火剂瓶组密封性与压力值和系统设计方案参数正确与否三方面有关。灭火性能好与坏最关键是杜绝使用不合格灭火药剂，绝不短斤少两。气体厂家、工程商、用户应一同监督检查，下面对灭火药剂阐述严格把关措施：
To judge the fire extinguishing performance of a gas fire extinguishing system(gas fire extinguishing equipment),we have to take into account the quality and sufficiency of the fire extinguishing agent,the leak-tight property and the pressure level of the agent cylinder group and if the system’s design parameters are correct.The key to judge if the fire-extinguishing performance is good or not is if the agent is qualified and if there is no shortage in quantity.Gas suppliers,engineering service providers and the users should perform joint supervision and inspection and take the following measures to ensure the quality of fire extinguishing agents:
（1）杜绝使用不合格灭火药剂。灭火系统最容易弄虚作假的灭火药剂主要是七氟丙烷和ABC超细干粉两种。
(1)Strict prohibition of the use of unqualified fire extinguishing agents.In the fire extinguishing system,HFC-227ea and ABC superfine dry powder are the two kinds of agents most likely to involve cheating.
七氟丙烷灭火药剂单价每年随市场变化非常大，单价一般为60～150元/kg灭火药剂成本将占到整个灭火系统总造价的50%～75%。七氟丙烷灭火药剂弄虚作假的主要手段是：用水或其它液体或固体代替，或收购市场上纯度不高的七氟丙烷灭火药剂。
Unit price of HFC-227ea fire extinguishing agent varies greatly every year along with changes in the market,mostly between 60~150 yuan/kg,accounting for 50%to 70%of the total manufacturing cost of the whole fire extinguishing system.Main ways to cheat with HFC-227ea agents include:using water or other liquids or solids instead,or using lower purity HFC-227ea agents purchased in the market.
ABC超细干粉灭火剂一般用于普通BC或普通ABC干粉灭火剂代替，药剂单价相差4倍以上。ABC超细干粉灭火剂设计灭火浓度为0.13kg/m3，而普通干粉设计灭火浓度为0.65kg/m3，相差5倍左右。
ABC superfine dry powder fire extinguishing agent is usually replaced with regular BC or regular ABC dry power agents,the unit prices of which can vary by more than four times.Designed fire extinguishing concentration of ABC superfine dry powder agent is 0.13kg/m3,while designed fire extinguishing concentration of regular dry powder is 0.65kg/m3 with a difference of around five times.
措施如下：要求厂家提供该产品自愿认证证书，发货前到厂家随机抽检灭火剂瓶组内灭火药剂，并在厂家现场检测纯度、含量。
Measures to take:demanding manufacturers to provide Voluntary certification certificates of their products,and making a trip to the manufacturer’s place before it delivers the products and making random sampling of the fire extinguishing agent inside the cylinder groups on the purity and quantity in the presence of the manufacturer.
（2）杜绝灭火药剂缺斤少两。气体灭火系统中，一般是七氟丙烷灭火药剂缺斤少两。一般弄虚作假方法有：①少充装灭火药剂，产品铭牌上标称重量大于实际充装重量；②驱动气体氮气重量代替七氟丙烷灭火药剂重量。
(2)Prohibition of shortage of quantity of fire extinguishing agent.In the fire extinguishing system,the HFC-227ea agent is usually the one to involve shortage of quantity.Ways of cheating include:(1)filling less-than-stipulated amount of agent into the cylinder,while the weight of the agent provided on the product plate is larger than the actual weight of the agent filled into the cylinder;(2)adding more nitrogen gas,the propellant to replace part of the weight of HFC-227ea.
七氟丙烷灭火剂储瓶总重量由三部分组成：一是空瓶部件为W1，空瓶部件由阀门、虹吸管、钢瓶组成；二是七氟丙烷灭火药剂充装重量为W2，该每瓶组灭火药剂重量是由保护对象属性、防护区体积和该系统总瓶组数量计算的；三是七氟丙烷灭火药剂的驱动气体-氮气重量为W3，计算公式为：W=W1+W2+W3。柜式七氟丙烷气体灭火装置（也叫七氟丙烷预制灭火系统），每瓶组氮气重量一般占充装七氟丙烷灭火药剂总重量的1%～3.7%，有管网七氟丙烷气体灭火系统，每瓶组氮气重量一般占充装七氟丙烷药剂总重量的4.4%～7.1%.
The total weight of an HFC-227ea fire extinguishing agent storage cylinder consists three parts:1.the weight of the empty cylinder and the parts W1,including the valve,the siphon and the steel cylinder;2.the weight of the HFC-227ea fire extinguishing agent filled into the cylinder W2.The weight of fire extinguishing agent of a cylinder group is determined by the natural of the protected object,the size of the protected space and the total number of cylinder groups of the system;3.the weight of nitrogen gas,the propellant gas for HFC-227ea agent W3,the calculation formula is:W=W1+W2+W3.The cabinet HFC-227ea gas extinguishing device is also called HFC-227ea pre-engineered extinguishing system,the nitrogen gas in which is normally 1%to 3.7%of the total weight of the HFC-227ea filled in the cylinder group,while in an HFC-227ea gas extinguishing system with pipe networks,nitrogen is usually 4.4%to 7.1%of the total weight of HFC-227ea filled in the cylinder group.
柜式七氟丙烷气体灭火装置中主要常用空瓶部件40、70、90、120、150升重量，分别为44、59、71、87、112Kg左右。有管网七氟丙烷气体灭火系统中主要常用空瓶部件70、90、120、150升重量，分别为68、81、100、120Kg左右。提供上述七氟丙烷灭火剂空瓶部件重量，有利于工程商、用户、监理、检测验收单位监督检测称重时，参考使用。
The often-used 40,70,90,120 and 150-liter empty cylinders in cabinet HFC-227ea gas extinguishing devices weigh around 44,59,71,87 and 112 kilograms respectively.The often-used 70,90,120 and 150-liter empty cylinders in HFC-227ea gas extinguishing equipment with pipe network weigh around 68,81,100,and 120 kilograms respectively.We provide the weights of the empty HFC-227ea fire extinguishing agent cylinders for the purpose of providing reference for engineering service providers,users,supervisors and inspection and accepting units in their weighing and checking.
措施如下：发货前到厂家或项目安装现场瓶组间，随机抽检1～3瓶灭火剂瓶组，检测总重量；检测该瓶组是否处于密封性完好，无泄漏现象；若称重灭火剂瓶组总重量不够，说明气体厂家少充装或经营者（工程商）修改了产品铭牌上标称重量，并不是气体灭火剂泄漏了。分别列出随机抽检灭火剂瓶组，空瓶部件重量（厂家提供和参考本文章中重量）、灭火药剂重量（对照设计院设计图纸重量）、驱动气体氮气重量，计算出该瓶组七氟丙烷灭火药剂实际充装重量。
Measures to take:before the manufacturer delivers the products,go to the location of the manufacturer,or to the cylinder group room at project’s installation site and make random sampling of one to three fire extinguishing agent cylinder groups and check their total weights;check if the cylinder groups are stilled perfectly sealed with no sign of any leaking;if the total weight of a fire extinguishing agent cylinder group is below standard,it means the gas manufacturer has failed to fill enough gas into the cylinder,or the dealer(or engineering service provider)has changed the weight provided on the product plate,and not because there is leakage of the agent.Based on the result of the random sampling of fire extinguishing agent cylinder groups,list the weights of the empty cylinders(vs the weights provided by the manufacturer and the weight provided above),the weights of fire extinguishing agents(vs the weights provided on the drawings made by the design institute,the weights of propellant nitrogen gas,calculate based on the above information and find out the actual weight of HFC-227ea fire extinguishing agent fill into the cylinder group.
例：抽检有管网七氟丙烷气体灭火系统150升瓶组一瓶，计算该瓶组七氟丙烷灭火药剂实际充装重量。
For example:sample-checking one of the cylinders of an 150-liter-cylinder group of a HFC-227ea gas extinguishing system with pipe network to find out the actual weight of HFC-227ea filled into this cylinder group.
检测与计算如下：
①检测150升瓶组密封性，无泄漏；
②称150升瓶组重量,若为W=256.6Kg；
③检查该瓶组铭牌标称重量和设计院设计重量是否一致；
④检查该瓶组铭牌标称重量表示七氟丙烷药剂充装重量：122Kg，瓶组总重量：256.5Kg；
⑤计算七氟丙烷灭火药剂充装重量首先依据厂家提供150升空瓶部件重量或参考本文章中150升空瓶部件重量W1=128.6kg；药剂W2与氮气W3重量为（256.6-128.6=128Kg，则氮气重量为W3=256.6-128.6-122=6Kg，氮气重量占七氟丙烷灭火剂重量的（6/122×100%）=4.9%，该氮气比例符合本文要求。七氟丙烷灭火药剂实际充装重为122Kg，符合规定要求。
The following are the checks and calculations:
①Check the sealing property of the 150-liter-cylinder group and make sure there is no leaking;
②Weigh the 150-liter-cylinder group,and if W=256.6Kg,
③Check if the weight provided on the product plate of the cylinder group is the same as the one designated by the design institute;
④Check the plate on the cylinder group to see if the weight of HFC-227ea filled into the cylinder is 122kg and the total weight of the cylinder group is 256.5kg;
⑤The calculation of the weight of the HFC-227ea agent filled in the cylinder should be based on the weight of the 150-liter empty cylinder provided by the manufacturer,or in reference to the weight of the 150-liter empty cylinder provided above:W1=128.6kg;the weight of the agent W2=256.6-128.6=128kg,while the weight of nitrogen gas W3=256.6-128.6-122=6kg,and nitrogen gas account for(6/122×100%=)4.9%of the weight of HFC-227ea,which conforms to the required rate provided above.The actual weight of HFC-227ea fire extinguishing agent filled in the cylinder is 122 kg,conforming to the required standard.
图片来源：2023年10月13日央视新闻报道视频截图
4.抗振动性和耐高、低温
4.Vibration and high/low temperature resistance
气体灭火系统产品出口项目（也叫气体灭火系统出口项目简称气体灭火系统出口或气体灭火设备出口）要求气体灭火系统各零部件具有良好的抗振动性能和耐高低温。能经受住海、陆、空立体运输的长途跋涉，不会因运输途中的风浪、颠簸、高低温气象条件等造成设备的泄漏或误启动。气体灭火系统产品“一带一路”出口项目（也叫气体灭火系统出口项目简称气体灭火系统出口）所有零部件均应采用抗震动设计，特别是灭火剂瓶组容器阀采用双密封卧式压差式结构，该容器阀有两个气室，阀体内安装一活塞阀瓣，靠阀体内气压自动密封，需安装专用启动气缸和顶针部件，刺破容器阀启动气室密封膜片，方能开启灭火剂瓶组容器阀。该阀外表无任何开启手柄等零件，此结构容器阀最大特点是：抗碰撞、抗振动、耐+70℃高温和-30℃低温。确保了灭火剂不会因振动及高低温变化而泄漏和误启动。
All parts and components of the products for the gas fire extinguishing system product“Belt and Road”exporting project(also called gas fire extinguishing system exporting project,or gas fire extinguishing system exporting or gas fire extinguishing equipment exporting for short)should have good vibration resistance and high and low temperature resistance,can tolerance the long-distance trek of the three-dimensional transportation of sea,land and air and will not cause leakage or mis-initiation of equipment due to wind,waves,bumps,high and low temperature meteorological conditions during transportation.All parts and components of the products for the gas fire extinguishing system product“Belt and Road”exporting project(also called gas fire extinguishing system exporting project,or gas fire extinguishing system exporting for short)should be designed to resist vibrations,particularly the valves of the agent cylinder groups should adopt the double sealing horizontal pressure-gradient structure that has two air chambers,and a piston disc is installed inside the valve body that seals automatically thanks to the air pressure inside the valve body.A special starting cylinder and an ejector pin have to be installed to pierce the diaphragm seal of the air chamber of the cylinder valve in order to open the cylinder valve of the cylinder group.The valve does not have any opening handle or other prats.The most important feature of this kind of cylinder valve is that it is collision and vibration resistant and can withstand temperatures as high as+70℃and as low as-30℃.This can ensure that vibrations and temperature changes will not lead to the leakage of fire extinguishing agent and the cylinder can not be accidentally activated.
七氟丙烷探火管灭火装置 图片来源：利达消防
5.包装
5.Packaging
气体灭火系统产品“一带一路”出口项目（也叫气体灭火系统出口项目简称气体灭火系统出口或气体灭火设备出口）对产品的包装都有严格的要求。气体灭火系统各零部件应采用包装箱包装，包装时至少应做到以下几点：
The gas fire extinguishing system product“Belt and Road”exporting project(also called the gas fire extinguishing system exporting project,or gas fire extinguishing system exporting or gas fire extinguishing equipment exporting for short)has strict requirement on the packaging of the products.All parts and components of gas fire extinguishing systems have to be packaged in boxes,and the packaging has to comfort to the following:
（1）包装箱应采用出口包装箱，又名：出口木包装箱，出口木箱，胶合板箱，免熏蒸包装箱等。绝对不能采用普通的木包装箱，不然无法通关。
(1)Export packing boxes,also called export wooden packing boxes,export wooden boxes,plywood boxes,fumigation-free packaging boxes should be used for packaging,and it is absolutely prohibited to use the ordinary wooden packaging boxes,or the products will not be cleared by the customs.
（2）包装箱上的唛头应包含以下内容：
①收货人或买方名称的英文缩写字母或简称；
②参考号，如运单号、订单号或发票号；
③目的地名称；
④货物件数。
(2)The shipping mark on the packing boxes must include the following information:
①Abbreviated or short form of the name of the consignee or buyer;②Reference Number,e.g.waybill number,order number or invoice number;
③Place of destination:
④Number of packages.
（3）包装箱应进行防潮处理，在包装箱的内壁应装订防潮膜，并放置一定数量的干燥剂。
(3)Packing boxes must undergo damp-proof treatment by applying moisture-proof films on the inner walls of the boxes and placing certain quantity of desiccant inside.
（4）包装箱应做防碰撞处理，在包装箱的内壁放置防碰撞塑料发泡板，箱内各零部件应摆放整齐，各零部件之间应采用塑料发泡板隔离、塞紧。每一个灭火剂瓶组应用2～3根打包带固定在包装箱底部上，防止运输过程中滚动和碰撞。
（4）Packing boxes must undergo shock-proof treatment by applying shock-absorbing foamed plastic boards on the internal walls of the boxes,and all parts and components inside the boxes must be placed orderly,separated from each other with foamed plastic boards and make sure all empty spaces are filled with foamed plastics.Each agent cylinder group must be fixed at the bottom of the packing boxes with two to three packing straps to prevent it from rolling or bumping during shipping.
（5）每个包装箱内应放置产品装箱单，注明箱内零部件名称、规格型号、数量等。
(5)A packing list should be placed inside each boxes,with information including names of the parts and components inside the box,and their models,specifications and numbers,etc.
（6）每个包装箱底部应有托架，以方便装车与转运。
(6)There must be a pallet below each packing box for the convenience of loading and transshipping.
（7）对于钢管等不能采用包装箱包装的超长零部件，可以采用码垛的方式进行包装。堆码一定要规则、整齐，底部应有托架，方便叉车等搬运设备转运，每隔2米左右用钢带打包固定，防止钢管散掉。
(7)Steel pipes and other overlength parts that can not be packed inside the boxes can be packed by stacking orderly and regularly on a pallet for the convenience of transporting with forklifts and other vehicles.The stacks must be strapped and fixed with steel bands every two meters or so to prevent the steel pipe stacks from getting loose and collapse.
悬挂式七氟丙烷灭火装置 图片来源：利达消防
6.现场无需加工制造、安装简单、快捷
6.Easy and speedy installation with no need for on-the-spot processing
气体灭火系统产品“一带一路”出口项目（也叫气体灭火系统出口项目简称气体灭火系统出口或气体灭火设备出口）因产品在国外安装，现场不具备加工条件，要求所有的零部件必须在出厂时全部加工完成，不允许现场组装时进行二次加工。气体灭火系统中各启动装置至各灭火剂瓶组之间的启动管道，建议设计采用较高成本的一根不锈钢金属软管，代替目前国内大多数厂家采用的低成本DN4~6㎜紫铜管。如采用DN4~6㎜紫铜管，需依据现场实际结构使用专用工具进行裁剪、折弯、扩孔等加工后，才能成为启动管道，也要求现场安装技术工人进行专门培训和实践才能完成。不锈钢金属铜管代替DN4～6紫铜管，现场无需加工，（目前国内只有北京利达海鑫公司率先使用。该公司宗旨是“一切为了用户着想”）。此举虽然增加了气体生产制造厂家的成本，但避免了采用紫铜管需现场加工的麻烦，实现了系统所有零部件无现场加工，降低了安装施工技术人员专业技术水平，使系统安装更加简单、方便、快捷、并提高安装效率四倍以上，可大幅降低施工现场安装成本，使灭火系统启动管路密封性能得到了可靠保证。
As the products involved in the gas fire extinguishing system product“Belt and Road”exporting project(also called gas fire extinguishing system exporting project,or gas fire extinguishing system exporting,or gas fire extinguishing equipment exporting for short)are to be installed abroad,where conditions mostly do not allow to perform on-the-spot processing,it is required that all the parts and components should finish processing before being delivered and it is not allowed to conduct secondary processing on the installation site.It is advised to make the starting pipes between the starting devices and the cylinder groups of the fire extinguishing systems with the relatively costly stainless steel flexible metal pipes instead of the lower-cost DN4~6mm copper pipes that are used now by most domestic manufacturers in China,because if DN4~6mm copper pipes are used,we have to tailor,cut,bend and enlarge the opening of the copper pipes on-site using special tools and according to the actual conditions before being able to start the pipes.The on-site installation technical workers also need special training and practices before being able the do the work.If we replace the DN4~6mm copper pipes with stainless steel metal pipes,no on-site processing will be needed anymore.(So far,Beijing Leader Haixin is the only company in China to apply this method and“Customer Centricity”is the principle of this company).Although it increases some cost for the manufacturer,it avoids the hassle of on-site processing if copper pipes are used and realizes zero on-the-spot processing for the system,lowering the professional and technical demand for the installation workers and making the installation simpler,faster and more convenient,raising the installation efficiency by more than four times,greatly reducing the installation cost and ensuring more reliable sealing performance of the starting pipes of the fire extinguishing system.
图片来源：2023年10月17日央视财经报道视频截图
7.可根据资料、图纸现场安装，无需厂家派人现场指导
7.Installation can be performed according to provided materials and drawings without the need for on-site instruction by technicians sent by the manufacturer
气体灭火系统产品出口“一带一路”项目（也叫气体灭火系统出口项目简称气体灭火系统出口或气体灭火设备出口）安装在国外进行，应能实现可根据资料、图纸现场安装，无需气体厂家派技术人员现场指导，以节省安装时间和人员出国的费用。气体灭火系统产品出口项目（也叫气体灭火系统出口项目简称气体灭火系统出口或气体灭火设备出口）应根据每个项目绘制详细的系统安装图、瓶组间设备安装图。建议在产品出厂前，对瓶组间设备在工厂内进行了实际安装，将安装过程拍摄成图片和录像存档，并依据组装顺序，制作专门的安装幻灯片资料。这些资料和图纸在出厂时随机提供给用户，真正做到“傻瓜式”安装或儿童按图“积木式”拼装气体灭火系统各零部件，实际安装时再也不用派人去现场指导了。即使有问题，也可通过微信、现场视频、电话沟通解决。
As the installations of the gas fire extinguishing system product“Belt and Road exporting project(also called gas fire extinguishing system exporting project,or gas fire extinguishing system exporting,or gas fire extinguishing equipment exporting for short)are made in foreign countries,it is better that installations can be done according to the provided materials and drawings,without the need of on-site instructions by technicians sent by the manufacturer to save the time for installation and costs of sending people abroad.The gas fire extinguishing system product exporting project(also called the gas fire extinguishing system exporting project,or gas fire extinguishing system exporting or gas fire extinguishing equipment exporting for short)should prepare detailed system installation and cylinder group room equipment installation drawings for each and every project.It is advised to perform actual installation of the cylinder group room equipment inside the manufacturing plant before delivering the products,video-record and take photos of the installation process and make special slides according to the order of the installation.These documents and drawings will be provided to the users along with the products,and make sure that users can assemble the parts and components of the fire extinguishing system very easily like children build blocks according to drawings,and the manufacturer will not need to send technicians to provide on-site instructions.If there is still any problem,they can communicate with the manufacturer through WeChat,real-time video and telephone conversation to solve the difficulties.
柜式七氟丙烷灭火装置 图片来源：利达消防
8.经营者责任
8.Responsibilities of the dealers
以上向生产企业阐述了确保气体灭火系统产品“一带一路”项目的安全、密封、灭火性能主要的的技术要求与措施。气体灭火系统产品和灭火药剂质量、重量弄虚作假等现象，有生产企业行为，也有经营者（工程商）要求生产企业一起合伙作假，可能还有经营者（工程商）独自作弊行为，大家均应自律，用户、经营者应选择诚信好的品牌气体生产企业。希望长春长生疫苗事件不要在某气体消防生产企业和某经营者（工程商）及消防行业出现。下面阐述一下经营者的责任。目前，仍有部分经营者和工程商明知生产者或生产企业生产不合格的产品，危及人身、财产安全、仍继续采用，认为只要采用有合格生产许可证企业的产品，若出事故完全由生产者或生产企业全部承担责任。依据我国有关法律法规和《中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法》中第三章经营者义务有关条款规定，经营者应当保证其提供的商品或服务符合保障人身、财产安全要求。发现提供的商品或服务存在缺陷，有危及人身、财产安全危险的，应立即向有关行政部门报告，并停止销售、召回，并承担用户或消费者因商品被召回支出的必要费用。用户或消费者因购买经营者不合法产品受到损害的，可以向经营者要求赔偿。
With the above,we have elaborated to the manufacturers the main technical requirements and measures to ensure safety,sealing and fire extinguishing performance of the gas fire extinguishing system product“Belt and Road”projects.Cheating in the quality and quantity of gas fire extinguishing system products and fire extinguishing agents can be the behavior of the manufacturers.Sometimes,it is done under the requirement of the dealers(engineering service providers).On other occasions,it is done independently by the dealers(engineering service providers).We urge that all parties must discipline themselves and users and dealers should choose brand name products from manufacturers with good reputations.We hope that the Changchun Changsheng vaccine incident never happens to gas fire extinguishing product manufacturers and dealers(engineering service providers),or in the fire protection sector.Hereinafter,I would like to elaborate on the responsibilities of the dealers.Currently,there are still some dealers and engineering service providers who know that some producers or manufacturers are producing unqualified products that threaten the personal and property safety of the people,yet they still continue to use those substandard products,thinking that even if any accident happens,the responsibilities are all on the producers or manufacturers that have legitimate production permits.According to the relevant laws and regulations of China and the relevant provisions in Chapter 3 Operator's Obligations of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Consumer Rights and Interests,the operator shall ensure that the goods or services provided are in compliance with the requirements for the protection of personal and property safety.If it is found that the goods or services provided are defective,and there is a danger to personal or property safety,it shall immediately report to the relevant administrative department,stop selling,recall,and bear the necessary expenses arising from the product recall for the user or consumer.If any loss incurred by purchasing the illegal product from the operators by the user or the consumer,the operator may be required to pay compensation.
为了确保人民生命财产安全，用户、经营者（工程商）、生产企业应共同遵纪守法，不使用不合格产品和弄虚作假，为保护用户或消费者的生命财产安全和合法权益，维护社会经济秩序，促进市场经济健康发展，大家有责任共同做出自己的贡献。
To ensure the personal and property safety of the people,users,dealers(engineering service providers)and production enterprises all have obligations to abide by the laws,do not use unqualified products or perform cheating,and do their respective contributions to protect the personal and property safety of the users or consumers,maintain social and economic order,and promote the healthy development of the market economy.
悬挂式灭火装置 图片来源：利达消防
结稿日期：2023-9-28；修订日期：2023-10-18
作者地址：北京市北京经济技术开发区荣京东街17号北京利达海鑫公司
作者邮编：100176电话：13910793712
Finished on:Sep28,2023;Revised on:Oct18，2023
Author’s address:Beijing Leader Haixin Company,17 Rongjing Dongjie,Beijing Economic and Technological Development Area,Beijing
Postcode:100176 Tel:13910793712
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Note:The copyright of this article and its contents belongs to Zhu Jinwu.No organization or individual is allowed to hotlink or reprint without the author’s consent.In case of need to reprint or quote the article,please specify the author’s name and the name of his organization.Violators of the above will be held accountable according to the law.
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